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background-size:cover!important;background-position:center!important; color:#193645; }\/* nd-shared-components:end *\/\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"nds\" data-health-profile=\"biomedical-research\">\n<div class=\"nds-wrap\">\n<section class=\"nds-executive\"><h2>Classify recorded primary tumor sites<\/h2><p>Use 17 recorded patient characteristics and metastatic-site indicators to classify the primary tumor site in the UCI Primary Tumor dataset. The supplied project selects an eight-neuron hidden layer and evaluates 67 internally held-out records.<\/p><div class=\"nds-kpis\"><div class=\"nds-kpi\"><strong>339<\/strong><span>Source records<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nds-kpi\"><strong>31<\/strong><span>Encoded input values<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nds-kpi\"><strong>67<\/strong><span>Testing-role records<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nds-kpi\"><strong>21<\/strong><span>Model outputs<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nds-actions\"><a class=\"aui aui-button\" href=\"#6-clinical-validation\">Review the current model<\/a><a class=\"aui aui-button aui-button--secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.neuraldesigner.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/nd-primarytumor-licensed-20261006.zip\">Review the data<\/a><\/div><\/section>\n<ul class=\"nds-toc\"><li><a href=\"#1-intended-use\">Question and use<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-cohort-endpoint\">Cohort and endpoint<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-model\">Model<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-training\">Training<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5-selection\">Selection<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6-clinical-validation\">Validation<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#7-workflow\">Workflow<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#8-safety\">Safety and validity<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<span id=\"1-scientific-objective\"><\/span><section id=\"1-intended-use\" class=\"nds-card\"><h2>1. Clinical question and intended use<\/h2><p>This retrospective biomedical benchmark studies associations between patient descriptors, observed metastatic locations and a recorded tumor-site label. It supports reproducible research; it is not prospective metastasis prediction or a diagnostic instrument.<\/p><div class=\"nds-value-grid\"><div class=\"nds-value-card\"><h3>Recorded site labels<\/h3><p>Model the observed primary-site annotation.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nds-value-card\"><h3>Selection chronology<\/h3><p>Compare the initial and selected network architectures.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nds-value-card\"><h3>Rare-site review<\/h3><p>Inspect per-site denominators and missed cases.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nds-audience\"><span>Computational oncology<\/span><span>Biostatistics<\/span><span>Biomedical research<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nds-note nds-use-boundary\">Biomedical research only. Specialist review and a confirmatory clinical reference standard remain necessary.<\/div><\/section>\n<span id=\"2-data-provenance\"><\/span><section id=\"2-cohort-endpoint\" class=\"nds-card\"><h2>2. Cohort, measurements and endpoint<\/h2><p>UCI Primary Tumor contains 339 records from the Ljubljana Oncology Institute. The adapted CSV decodes source categories. There are 21 observed target categories in this copy; the upstream coding scheme lists 22 possible sites. Question-mark values are retained as explicit categories in several inputs, rather than interpreted as measured clinical findings.<\/p><p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.ics.uci.edu\/dataset\/83\/primary+tumor\">Primary Tumor<\/a>. Dataset license: CC-BY-4.0. The downloadable ZIP includes the adapted data and attribution notices.<\/p><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Dataset measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Saved value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Analysis unit<\/th><td>patient record<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Records<\/th><td>339<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Raw variables<\/th><td>18<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Encoded model inputs<\/th><td>31<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Model outputs<\/th><td>21<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Training roles<\/th><td>205<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Validation \/ selection roles<\/th><td>67<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Testing roles<\/th><td>67<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Unused roles<\/th><td>0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Field<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Type<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Categories<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">class<\/th><td>Target<\/td><td>Categorical<\/td><td>bladder, breast, cervix_uteri, colon, corpus_uteri, duodenum_and_small_intestine, esophagus, gallbladder, head_and_neck, kidney, liver, lung, ovary, pancreas, prostate, rectum, salivary_glands, stomach, testis, thyroid, vagina<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">age<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Categorical<\/td><td>30_to_59, 60_or_over, under_30<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">sex<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Categorical<\/td><td>?, female, male<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">histologic_type<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Categorical<\/td><td>?, adeno, anaplastic, epidermoid<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">degree_of_differentiation<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Categorical<\/td><td>?, fairly, poorly, well<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">bone<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Binary<\/td><td>no, yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">bone_marrow<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Binary<\/td><td>no, yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">lung<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Binary<\/td><td>no, yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">pleura<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Binary<\/td><td>no, yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">peritoneum<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Binary<\/td><td>no, yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">liver<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Binary<\/td><td>no, yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">brain<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Binary<\/td><td>no, yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">skin<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Categorical<\/td><td>?, no, yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">neck<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Binary<\/td><td>no, yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">supraclavicular<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Binary<\/td><td>no, yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">axillar<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Categorical<\/td><td>?, no, yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">mediastinum<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Binary<\/td><td>no, yes<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">abdominal<\/th><td>Input<\/td><td>Binary<\/td><td>no, yes<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Target class distribution table<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Samples<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Share (%)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">bladder<\/th><td>2<\/td><td>0.59<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">breast<\/th><td>24<\/td><td>7.08<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">cervix_uteri<\/th><td>2<\/td><td>0.59<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">colon<\/th><td>14<\/td><td>4.13<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">corpus_uteri<\/th><td>6<\/td><td>1.77<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">duodenum_and_small_intestine<\/th><td>1<\/td><td>0.29<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">esophagus<\/th><td>9<\/td><td>2.65<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">gallbladder<\/th><td>16<\/td><td>4.72<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">head_and_neck<\/th><td>20<\/td><td>5.90<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">kidney<\/th><td>24<\/td><td>7.08<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">liver<\/th><td>7<\/td><td>2.06<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">lung<\/th><td>84<\/td><td>24.78<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">ovary<\/th><td>29<\/td><td>8.55<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">pancreas<\/th><td>28<\/td><td>8.26<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">prostate<\/th><td>10<\/td><td>2.95<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">rectum<\/th><td>6<\/td><td>1.77<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">salivary_glands<\/th><td>2<\/td><td>0.59<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">stomach<\/th><td>39<\/td><td>11.50<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">testis<\/th><td>1<\/td><td>0.29<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">thyroid<\/th><td>14<\/td><td>4.13<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">vagina<\/th><td>1<\/td><td>0.29<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nds-note nds-note--provenance\">The saved project assigns rows to training, validation and testing as shown above. This is internal record-level evaluation; it does not demonstrate separation by subject, device, site or acquisition batch.<\/div><\/section>\n<section id=\"3-model\" class=\"nds-card\"><h2>3. Model<\/h2><p>The model has 31 encoded inputs and 21 outputs. The initial architecture is shown below; the selected architecture follows the selection experiment. Native diagrams group categorical features by source field, so their 17 input nodes and one target node represent 31 encoded inputs and 21 outputs.<\/p><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Layer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Input shape<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Output shape<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Activation<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Scaling<\/th><td>31<\/td><td>31<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Dense<\/th><td>31<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>Tanh<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Dense<\/th><td>3<\/td><td>21<\/td><td>Sigmoid<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p>Output values are uncalibrated model scores. Use the output encodings and decision rule documented with this project; do not assume independent sigmoid scores sum to one.<\/p><figure class=\"nds-architecture-figure\" data-model-stage=\"initial\"><a class=\"nds-architecture-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.neuraldesigner.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/nd-licensed-primarytumor-t2-s1-20261006.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"nds-architecture\" src=\"https:\/\/www.neuraldesigner.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/nd-licensed-primarytumor-t2-s1-20261006.png\" alt=\"Primary tumor site classification \u2014 initial network architecture\"><\/a><figcaption>Initial architecture from the saved report.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/section>\n<section id=\"4-training\" class=\"nds-card\"><h2>4. Training strategy<\/h2><p>The saved training configuration uses QuasiNewton with CrossEntropy.<\/p><p>No separate completed training task is stored in this report. The neuron-selection experiment below contains the saved fitting results.<\/p><\/section>\n<section id=\"5-selection\" class=\"nds-card\"><h2>5. Model selection and baseline<\/h2><p>The saved growing-neurons experiment selected eight hidden neurons. The initial network has three hidden neurons; the selected network is shown after the selection results, and precedes testing.<\/p><h3>Growing neurons results<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Optimal neurons number<\/th><td>8<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Optimum training error<\/th><td>1.924<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Optimum selection error<\/th><td>2.679<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Epochs number<\/th><td>10<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Stopping criterion<\/th><td>Maximum neurons reached<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Elapsed time<\/th><td>00:00:01<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nd-comparison-grid\"><div class=\"nd-comparison-item\"><figure class=\"nd-media-block\"><div class=\"nd-chart-bundle\" data-native-chart=\"nd-licensed-primarytumor-t3-s2-20261006\"><div class=\"nd-chart-host\" id=\"nd-licensed-primarytumor-t3-s2-20261006\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Growing neurons training\/selection errors plot\"><\/div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"nd-chart-fallback\" src=\"https:\/\/www.neuraldesigner.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/nd-licensed-primarytumor-t3-s2-20261006.png\" alt=\"Growing neurons training\/selection errors plot\"><script type=\"application\/json\">{\"config\":{\"displayModeBar\":true,\"displaylogo\":false,\"editable\":false,\"responsive\":true,\"scrollZoom\":true,\"toImageButtonOptions\":{\"filename\":\"neural-designer-chart\",\"format\":\"svg\"}},\"data\":[{\"connectgaps\":false,\"line\":{\"color\":\"#529cc2\",\"dash\":\"solid\",\"width\":2},\"marker\":{\"color\":\"#529cc2\",\"size\":8,\"symbol\":\"circle\"},\"mode\":\"lines+markers\",\"name\":\"Training error\",\"opacity\":1,\"showlegend\":true,\"type\":\"scatter\",\"x\":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10],\"y\":[2.97517991065979,2.5916500091552734,2.5890800952911377,2.0599799156188965,2.2313098907470703,2.230030059814453,2.0889699459075928,1.9236500263214111,1.8957799673080444,1.8800400495529175]},{\"connectgaps\":false,\"line\":{\"color\":\"#e6cd5f\",\"dash\":\"solid\",\"width\":2},\"marker\":{\"color\":\"#e6cd5f\",\"size\":8,\"symbol\":\"circle\"},\"mode\":\"lines+markers\",\"name\":\"Selection error\",\"opacity\":1,\"showlegend\":true,\"type\":\"scatter\",\"x\":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10],\"y\":[3.1774799823760986,2.845289945602417,2.8650801181793213,2.7963900566101074,2.735680103302002,2.730410099029541,2.7120800018310547,2.679460048675537,2.6828300952911377,2.679579973220825]}],\"layout\":{\"autosize\":true,\"font\":{\"color\":\"#30343b\",\"family\":\"Arial, sans-serif\",\"size\":14},\"hovermode\":\"closest\",\"legend\":{\"orientation\":\"h\",\"x\":0.5,\"xanchor\":\"center\",\"y\":-0.24,\"yanchor\":\"top\"},\"margin\":{\"l\":95,\"r\":45,\"t\":65,\"b\":95},\"paper_bgcolor\":\"#fff\",\"plot_bgcolor\":\"#fff\",\"title\":{\"automargin\":true,\"pad\":{\"t\":48},\"text\":\"Neuron selection\",\"x\":0.5,\"xanchor\":\"center\",\"y\":1,\"yanchor\":\"top\",\"yref\":\"container\",\"font\":{\"size\":17}},\"xaxis\":{\"automargin\":true,\"gridcolor\":\"#d9dde3\",\"linecolor\":\"#9aa3ad\",\"range\":[1,10],\"title\":{\"text\":\"Neurons number\"},\"zerolinecolor\":\"#aeb6c2\"},\"yaxis\":{\"automargin\":true,\"gridcolor\":\"#d9dde3\",\"linecolor\":\"#9aa3ad\",\"range\":[0,3.5005],\"title\":{\"text\":\"Cross-entropy error\"},\"zerolinecolor\":\"#aeb6c2\"},\"height\":500}}<\/script><\/div><figcaption>Growing neurons training\/selection errors plot. Native Neural Designer report for this project.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Selected layer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Input shape<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Output shape<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Activation<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Scaling<\/th><td>31<\/td><td>31<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Dense<\/th><td>31<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>Tanh<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Dense<\/th><td>8<\/td><td>21<\/td><td>Sigmoid<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><figure class=\"nd-media-block\" data-model-stage=\"selected\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.neuraldesigner.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/nd-licensed-primarytumor-t3-s5-20261006.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.neuraldesigner.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/nd-licensed-primarytumor-t3-s5-20261006.png\" alt=\"Primary tumor site classification \u2014 selected network architecture\"><\/a><figcaption>Network architecture. Native Neural Designer report for this project.<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>On this test subset a majority-class baseline would correctly classify 98.51% of the records. This baseline does not detect both classes and is not an optimized model.<\/p><\/section>\n<span id=\"6-validation\"><\/span><section id=\"6-clinical-validation\" class=\"nds-card\"><h2>6. Clinical validation<\/h2><p>The figures and tables below refer to the current project\u2019s saved testing analysis. The subset uses testing role 2; it contains 67 source records.<\/p><p>The native report provides one-versus-rest confusion counts at threshold 0.5 and a separate multiple-classification summary. Some test classes have zero support. A single clinical sensitivity, specificity, precision or ROC AUC is not asserted across the 21 sites; the per-site counts define the evaluation.<\/p><p>These operating-point metrics are calculated from the saved confusion counts at threshold <strong>0.5<\/strong>. They apply to <strong>bladder<\/strong>; the remaining outputs have separate one-versus-rest tables.<\/p><h3>Confusion table: bladder<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>1 (1.5%)<\/td><td>1 (1.5%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>66 (98.5%)<\/td><td>66 (98.5%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><details><summary>Inspect every output confusion table<\/summary><h3>Confusion table: breast<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>3 (4.5%)<\/td><td>1 (1.5%)<\/td><td>4 (6.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>2 (3.0%)<\/td><td>61 (91.0%)<\/td><td>63 (94.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>5 (7.5%)<\/td><td>62 (92.5%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: cervix_uteri<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: colon<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>3 (4.5%)<\/td><td>3 (4.5%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>64 (95.5%)<\/td><td>64 (95.5%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: corpus_uteri<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: duodenum_and_small_intestine<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: esophagus<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: gallbladder<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>6 (9.0%)<\/td><td>6 (9.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>61 (91.0%)<\/td><td>61 (91.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: head_and_neck<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>3 (4.5%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>3 (4.5%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>64 (95.5%)<\/td><td>64 (95.5%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>3 (4.5%)<\/td><td>64 (95.5%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: kidney<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>1 (1.5%)<\/td><td>3 (4.5%)<\/td><td>4 (6.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>63 (94.0%)<\/td><td>63 (94.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>1 (1.5%)<\/td><td>66 (98.5%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: liver<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: lung<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>13 (19.4%)<\/td><td>9 (13.4%)<\/td><td>22 (32.8%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>5 (7.5%)<\/td><td>40 (59.7%)<\/td><td>45 (67.2%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>18 (26.9%)<\/td><td>49 (73.1%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: ovary<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>3 (4.5%)<\/td><td>2 (3.0%)<\/td><td>5 (7.5%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>62 (92.5%)<\/td><td>62 (92.5%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>3 (4.5%)<\/td><td>64 (95.5%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: pancreas<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>6 (9.0%)<\/td><td>6 (9.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>61 (91.0%)<\/td><td>61 (91.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: prostate<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: rectum<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>3 (4.5%)<\/td><td>3 (4.5%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>64 (95.5%)<\/td><td>64 (95.5%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: salivary_glands<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>1 (1.5%)<\/td><td>1 (1.5%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>66 (98.5%)<\/td><td>66 (98.5%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: stomach<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>7 (10.4%)<\/td><td>7 (10.4%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>1 (1.5%)<\/td><td>59 (88.1%)<\/td><td>60 (89.6%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>1 (1.5%)<\/td><td>66 (98.5%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: testis<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: thyroid<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>2 (3.0%)<\/td><td>2 (3.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>65 (97.0%)<\/td><td>65 (97.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Confusion table: vagina<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted positive<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Predicted negative<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Total<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual positive<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Actual negative<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td>0 (0.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><td>67 (100.0%)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/details><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Test measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Testing records<\/th><td>67<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Positive cases<\/th><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Positive prevalence<\/th><td>1.49%<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Accuracy<\/th><td>98.51%<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Sensitivity \/ recall<\/th><td>0.00%<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Specificity<\/th><td>100.00%<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Precision \/ PPV<\/th><td>Undefined (zero denominator)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">F1 score<\/th><td>0.000<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3>Multiple classification tests<\/h3><div class=\"nd-table-scroll\"><table><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Measure<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Precision<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Recall<\/th><th scope=\"col\">F1 score<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">bladder<\/th><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">breast<\/th><td>0.600<\/td><td>0.750<\/td><td>0.667<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">cervix_uteri<\/th><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">colon<\/th><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">corpus_uteri<\/th><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">duodenum_and_small_intestine<\/th><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">esophagus<\/th><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">gallbladder<\/th><td>0.600<\/td><td>0.500<\/td><td>0.545<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">head_and_neck<\/th><td>1.000<\/td><td>1.000<\/td><td>1.000<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">kidney<\/th><td>0.667<\/td><td>0.500<\/td><td>0.571<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">liver<\/th><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">lung<\/th><td>0.739<\/td><td>0.773<\/td><td>0.756<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">ovary<\/th><td>0.364<\/td><td>0.800<\/td><td>0.500<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">pancreas<\/th><td>0.333<\/td><td>0.167<\/td><td>0.222<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">prostate<\/th><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">rectum<\/th><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">salivary_glands<\/th><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">stomach<\/th><td>0.167<\/td><td>0.286<\/td><td>0.211<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">testis<\/th><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">thyroid<\/th><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">vagina<\/th><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><td>0.000<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Macro average<\/th><td>0.213<\/td><td>0.227<\/td><td>0.213<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Weighted average<\/th><td>0.491<\/td><td>0.522<\/td><td>0.495<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nds-note\">Biomedical research only. Specialist review and a confirmatory clinical reference standard remain necessary.<\/div><\/section>\n<span id=\"7-inference\"><\/span><section id=\"7-workflow\" class=\"nds-card\"><h2>7. Workflow and reproducibility<\/h2><p>Open the downloaded project in Neural Designer, inspect the dataset roles and preprocessing, then review the saved task report. Use the same input schema and category order when calculating outputs. The ZIP contains the exact current .nd, its source data and the applicable dataset notices.<\/p><p>Research workflow: eligible record or image \u2192 measurement and schema checks \u2192 model score \u2192 expert review \u2192 confirmatory clinical method where appropriate. No model output should be used as an autonomous diagnosis or treatment instruction.<\/p><div class=\"nds-downloads\"><a class=\"aui aui-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.neuraldesigner.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/nd-primarytumor-licensed-20261006.zip\">Download model, data and licenses (ZIP)<\/a><a class=\"aui aui-button aui-button--secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.neuraldesigner.com\/downloads\/\">Download Neural Designer<\/a><\/div><\/section>\n<span id=\"8-validity\"><\/span><section id=\"8-safety\" class=\"nds-card\"><h2>8. Safety, generalizability and governance<\/h2><p>The 67-row test subset leaves some tumor sites absent or represented by very few records. The saved network uses separate sigmoid outputs; its one-versus-rest tables must not be mistaken for a normalized probability distribution. No external validation or calibrated clinical probabilities are established.<\/p><div class=\"nds-note nds-note--warning\">Biomedical research only. Specialist review and a confirmatory clinical reference standard remain necessary.<\/div><\/section>\n<section id=\"references\" class=\"nds-card\"><h2>References<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.ics.uci.edu\/dataset\/83\/primary+tumor\">Primary Tumor<\/a>. M. Zwitter; M. Soklic. 10.24432\/C5WK5Q<\/li><li>Dataset terms: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International. Full attribution and transformations are included in <code>LICENSES\/DATASET-LICENSE.txt<\/code>.<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.neuraldesigner.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/nd-primarytumor-licensed-20261006.zip\">Current Neural Designer project and saved task report<\/a>, snapshot 6 October 2026.<\/li><\/ul><\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<style>\n.nd-chart-bundle{width:100%;max-width:760px;min-width:0;margin:24px auto;box-sizing:border-box;position:relative;overflow-x:auto;text-align:center;background:#fff;color:#30343b}\n.nd-chart-bundle .nd-chart-host{width:100%;height:440px;min-width:0;box-sizing:border-box}\n.nd-chart-bundle:not(.is-ready) .nd-chart-host{position:absolute;visibility:hidden}\n.nd-chart-bundle.is-ready .nd-chart-fallback{display:none!important}\n.nd-chart-bundle .nd-chart-fallback{display:block;margin:0 auto!important;width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%}\n.nd-chart-bundle>script,.nd-chart-bundle>br,.nd-chart-bundle>p:empty{display:none!important}\n@media(max-width:600px){.nd-chart-bundle{margin:20px auto}.nd-chart-bundle .nd-chart-host{height:440px}}\n.nd-chart-bundle .nd-chart-host{min-width:0!important}.nd-chart-bundle{max-width:100%}html body .nd-comparison-grid>.nd-comparison-item:only-child{flex-basis:min(760px,100%)!important;width:min(760px,100%)!important}.ndb-card details,.nds-card details{margin:20px 0}.ndb-card summary,.nds-card summary{cursor:pointer;font-weight:600}<\/style><script data-noptimize=\"1\" data-cfasync=\"false\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.plot.ly\/plotly-basic-4.0.0.min.js\"><\/script><script data-noptimize=\"1\">(()=>{const start=()=>{if(!window.Plotly)return;document.querySelectorAll('.nd-chart-bundle').forEach(bundle=>{if(bundle.dataset.started)return;bundle.dataset.started='1';const host=bundle.querySelector('.nd-chart-host'),source=bundle.querySelector('script[type=\"application\/json\"]');if(!host||!source)return;const figure=JSON.parse(source.textContent);window.Plotly.newPlot(host,figure.data,figure.layout,figure.config).then(async()=>{const title=host.querySelector('.gtitle');if(title)host.style.minWidth=Math.ceil(title.getComputedTextLength()+48)+'px';await window.Plotly.Plots.resize(host);bundle.classList.add('is-ready');if(window.ResizeObserver){let timer;new ResizeObserver(()=>{clearTimeout(timer);timer=setTimeout(()=>window.Plotly.Plots.resize(host),80);}).observe(bundle);}}).catch(error=>{bundle.dataset.error=String(error);console.error(error);});});};const ready=()=>{if(window.Plotly){start();return;}let count=0;const timer=setInterval(()=>{if(window.Plotly){clearInterval(timer);start();}else if(++count>200)clearInterval(timer);},50);};if(document.readyState==='loading')document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',ready,{once:true});else ready();})();<\/script>","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":1984,"template":"","categories":[29],"tags":[38],"class_list":["post-3475","learning","type-learning","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-examples","tag-healthcare"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Primary tumor site classification<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Use 17 recorded patient characteristics and metastatic-site indicators to classify the primary tumor site in the UCI Primary Tumor dataset. 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